Chief of S Korea's high-stakes exam quits over 'insane' English test
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路透社 首爾,學生們在考場外等待年度大學入學考試開始。
韓國的高考是一場臭名昭著的八小時連續考試馬拉松
韓國嚴酷的大學入學考試中的英語部分以難度極高而聞名,一些學生形容其如同破譯古代文字,還有人稱之為“瘋狂”。
今年試題引發的批評如此激烈,以至于負責該考試的最高官員辭職以對由此造成的“混亂”承擔責任。
修能考試負責人吳承杰(Oh Seung-geol)表示:“我們誠懇接受有關試題難度……不適當的批評”,并補充說,盡管試題經過多輪編輯,但“仍未達標”。
其中最具挑戰性的題目之一涉及伊曼努爾·康德的法哲學,另一題則包含游戲術語。
后者值三分,要求學生判斷一個句子應插入段落中的哪個位置。以下是加粗的句子及段落內容:
The difference is that the action in the game world can only be explored through the virtual bodily space of the avatar.
A video game has its own model of reality, internal to itself and separate from the player's external reality, the player's bodily space and the avatar's bodily space. (1) The avatar's bodily space, the potential actions of the avatar in the game world, is the only way in which the reality of the external reality of the game world can be perceived. (2) As in the real world, perception requires action. (3) Players extend their perceptual field into the game, encompassing the available actions of the avatar. (4) The feedback loop of perception and action that enables you to navigate the world around you is now one step removed: instead of perceiving primarily through interaction of your own body with the external world, you're perceiving the game world through interaction of the avatar. (5) The entire perceptual system has been extended into the game world.
正確答案是3。
許多人批評這道題以及其他幾道題的措辭方式。一位Reddit用戶稱其為“故作高深的花哨話術”,另一位則表示這是“糟糕的寫作,無法清晰傳達概念或思想”。
學生需在70分鐘內完成45道題。今年僅有略超3%的考生在英語部分獲得最高等級,而去年這一比例為6%。
“我花了很長時間才弄明白(幾道題),而且理解文章本身就很困難……(有些)選項看起來非常相似,所以我直到最后一刻都不確定,”韓英高中高三學生林娜慧(Im Na-hye)說道。
但英語語言學教授鄭采權(Jung Chae-kwan)認為,稱英語測試“難”其實是一種誤解。
“這些文本并非完全不可能理解,但……令人抓狂地混亂。這很痛苦,因為它讓材料對實際教育毫無用處,”曾任職于韓國高考主管機構、現任仁川國立大學教授的鄭采權表示。
“教師最終只能訓練應試技巧,而不是真正教授英語……如果你掌握了這些技巧,甚至根本不需要通讀全文就能得分,”他說。
一些人指出,考題中使用的若干段落是從書籍中摘錄出來的,脫離了上下文,導致難以理解。例如上文那段文字就出自史蒂夫·斯溫克(Steve Swink)所著的游戲設計指南《游戲感》(Game Feel)。
然而,也有人認為,試題的難度恰恰反映了其設計初衷。
“它衡量的是學生的閱讀理解能力,以及他們是否能應對大學階段將遇到的材料水平,”首爾韓國外國語大學英語文學教授金秀妍(Kim Soo-yeon)表示。
她告訴《韓國時報》,所選段落“具有一定程度的專業性”,這使得考試能夠有效評估此類理解能力。
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11月13日,首爾一座佛教寺廟內,家長們點燃蠟燭,為正在參加高風險修能考試的孩子們祈禱。
韓國的高考每年11月舉行,是一場臭名昭著的八小時連續考試馬拉松,不僅決定考生能否進入大學,還會影響其未來就業前景、收入乃至人際關系。
考生需在包括國語、數學、英語、社會科學和自然科學等科目中完成約200道題目。
許多青少年畢生都在為此考試做準備——有些孩子甚至從四歲起就被送入被稱為“補習班”的私立輔導機構。
高考對韓國全國而言也是一件大事,考試當天全國幾乎陷入停擺。
建筑工地停工、航班停飛、軍事訓練暫停,只為營造最佳的考試環境。
自1993年韓國高考設立以來的12位負責人中,僅有4人完成了完整的三年任期。多數人因試題出錯而下臺,而吳承杰先生則是首位因試題難度問題辭職的負責人。
如果你想親自試試,這里還有另一道題:
Kant was a strong defender of the rule of law as the ultimate guarantee, not only of security and peace, but also of freedom. He believed that human societies were moving towards more rational forms regulated by effective and binding legal frameworks because only such frameworks enabled people to live in harmony, to prosper and to co-operate. However, his belief in inevitable progress was not based on an optimistic or high-minded view of human nature. On the contrary, it comes close to Hobbes's outlook: man's violent and conflict-prone nature makes it necessary to establish and maintain an effective legal framework in order to secure peace. We cannot count on people's benevolence or goodwill, but even 'a nation of devils' can live in harmony in a legal system that binds every citizen equally. Ideally, the law is the embodiment of those political principles that all rational beings would freely choose. If such laws forbid them to do something that they would not rationally choose to do anyway, then the law cannot be:
(1) regarded as reasonably confining human liberty (2) viewed as a strong defender of the justice system (3) understood as a restraint on their freedom (4) enforced effectively to suppress their evil nature (5) accepted within the assumption of ideal legal frameworks
如果你讀到了這里,正確答案是3。
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