前洋農(nóng)夫集市 · 集多功能于一體的現(xiàn)代化鄉(xiāng)村公共建筑 | MODERN RURAL PUBLIC BUILDINGS

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前洋村農(nóng)夫集市坐落于福建省福州市晉安區(qū)前洋村入口之處，與國道緊密相鄰，是前洋村對外溝通的關(guān)鍵門戶，更是村里人走出鄉(xiāng)村的首要站點。前洋村全村總面積達(dá)6.2平方公里，經(jīng)合社成員有750人。該村距離福州市區(qū)僅9公里，是北峰片區(qū)融入城區(qū)“半小時經(jīng)濟(jì)圈”的重要銜接點，同樣也是村里人走出鄉(xiāng)村的首站。

農(nóng)夫集市作為前洋村的現(xiàn)代化鄉(xiāng)村公共服務(wù)建筑群，具備宣傳展示、電商平臺運(yùn)營、農(nóng)業(yè)教育開展、土特產(chǎn)線上線下交易以及鄉(xiāng)村物產(chǎn)田園體驗等多種功能。該建筑群是在山邊兩座廢舊老宅的基礎(chǔ)上改造而來，兩棟老房子遵循修舊如舊的原則，保留木梁青瓦，完整維持了當(dāng)?shù)卦械娘L(fēng)貌。與此同時，拆除了近期一些建造粗糙的搭建空間，使得老房子的原有細(xì)節(jié)得以充分展現(xiàn)，并且結(jié)合現(xiàn)有場地，實現(xiàn)了可用空間的最大化利用。

The Qianyang Village Farmers' Market is located at the entrance of Qianyang Village, Jin 'an District, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, closely adjacent to the national highway. It serves as a key gateway for communication between Qianyang Village and the outside world and is also the primary stop for villagers to leave the countryside. The total area of Qianyang Village is 6.2 square kilometers, and there are 750 members of the Economic Cooperation Society. This village is only 9 kilometers away from the urban area of Fuzhou. It is an important connection point for the Beifeng area to integrate into the "half-hour economic circle" of the urban area and also the first stop for villagers to leave the countryside.

As a modern rural public service building complex in Qianyang Village, the farmers' Market has multiple functions such as publicity and display, operation of e-commerce platforms, organization of agricultural education, online and offline trading of local specialties, and experience of rural products in the countryside. This complex of buildings was transformed from two dilapidated old houses on the mountainside. The two old houses followed the principle of restoring the old as it was, retaining wooden beams and blue tiles, and completely maintaining the original appearance of the local area. Meanwhile, some of the recently rough-built construction Spaces were demolished, allowing the original details of the old house to be fully displayed. Combined with the existing site, the maximum utilization of available space was achieved.

一、福建前洋 ·農(nóng)夫集市

RESIDENTIAL DESIGN

該建筑依托山邊兩座廢棄老宅進(jìn)行改造，兩棟老房經(jīng)修舊如舊處理，保留木梁青瓦風(fēng)貌，維持原有建筑特色。拆除近期粗陋搭建部分，使老房原有細(xì)節(jié)得以完整呈現(xiàn)，結(jié)合場地條件優(yōu)化空間利用。新建的一層連廊與小亭，仿若溪流般順勢蜿蜒，巧妙串聯(lián)起兩棟民房，構(gòu)建出新舊交融、移步換景的室內(nèi)外空間。從入口的鄉(xiāng)村學(xué)堂、媒體教室，到立面的精品展廳、體驗空間、茶亭小筑，參觀路線綿延300多米，既能讓人學(xué)習(xí)豐富種植養(yǎng)殖知識，又可充分領(lǐng)略鄉(xiāng)土建筑特色與現(xiàn)代田園生活。

建筑界面設(shè)計為折面屋頂，恰似村莊的剪影。房屋高度適中，后方老屋依然留存，共同營造出山地建筑群獨(dú)特的錯落層次感。屋面運(yùn)用當(dāng)?shù)貍鹘y(tǒng)的青瓦進(jìn)行鋪設(shè)，呈現(xiàn)出深瓦白脊的鮮明特色。立面則采用鋼結(jié)構(gòu)與木結(jié)構(gòu)相結(jié)合的方式，既保留了傳統(tǒng)韻味，又彰顯出現(xiàn)代風(fēng)格。這是福州山區(qū)傳統(tǒng)建造方式與現(xiàn)代技術(shù)的完美融合，也是福建新鄉(xiāng)土建筑領(lǐng)域的一次積極探索。

This building was renovated based on two abandoned old houses by the mountainside. The two old houses were restored to their original state, retaining their wooden beams and blue tiles, and maintaining the original architectural features. Demolish the recent crude construction parts to fully present the original details of the old house and optimize the space utilization in combination with the site conditions. The newly-built one-story corridor and small pavilion meander like a stream, ingeniously connecting two civilian houses and creating an indoor and outdoor space where the old and the new blend and the scenery changes with every step. From the rural school and media classroom at the entrance to the fine exhibition hall, experience space and tea pavilion on the facade, the visiting route stretches for over 300 meters. It not only enables people to learn rich knowledge about planting and breeding, but also allows them to fully appreciate the characteristics of rural architecture and modern rural life.

The architectural interface is designed as a folded roof, resembling the silhouette of a village. The height of the houses is moderate, and the old house at the back still remains, jointly creating a unique sense of layering and disorder in the mountainous architectural complex. The roof is paved with local traditional blue tiles, presenting a distinct feature of deep tiles and white ridges. The facade adopts a combination of steel and wood structures, which not only retains the traditional charm but also showcases a modern style. This is a perfect blend of traditional construction methods in the mountainous areas of Fuzhou and modern technology, and it is also an active exploration in the field of new rural architecture in Fujian.

二、空間美學(xué)

RESIDENTIAL DESIGN

在整個設(shè)計方案中，無論是建筑部分還是景觀部分，均秉持著對原有場地最大程度減少干預(yù)的原則。將建設(shè)前后的場地狀況進(jìn)行對比可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，場地周邊的山林、竹林，場地內(nèi)生長的樹木以及小路旁的行道樹，均未出現(xiàn)任何變化。它們高低錯落的形態(tài)，與8個月前相比，幾乎完全一致。這一情況充分彰顯了在鄉(xiāng)村建設(shè)過程中，對于周邊生態(tài)環(huán)境所給予的精心呵護(hù)以及高度尊重。與此同時，這亦是一次關(guān)于鄉(xiāng)村微介入理念在當(dāng)?shù)氐木唧w實踐嘗試。期望通過對微介入點位實施輕微的介入措施，能夠推動實現(xiàn)整個鄉(xiāng)村的全面復(fù)興。

Throughout the entire design plan, whether it is the architectural part or the landscape part, the principle of minimizing intervention to the original site to the greatest extent is adhered to. A comparison of the site conditions before and after construction reveals that there have been no changes in the surrounding mountains, forests, bamboo groves, trees growing within the site, or street trees along the path. Their staggered shapes are almost exactly the same as they were eight months ago. This situation fully demonstrates the meticulous care and high respect given to the surrounding ecological environment during the process of rural construction. Meanwhile, this is also a concrete practical attempt at the concept of rural micro-intervention in the local area. It is expected that through the implementation of minor intervention measures at micro-intervention points, the comprehensive revitalization of the entire rural area can be promoted.

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